Permutation-padlock.



A. G. JACOBSON & A. 1. BROWN.

PERMUTATION moon. I APPLICATION FILED 050.12. I9l6.

1,274,05 1. Patented July 30, 1918.

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PEBIUTLTIOH-PADLOOK.

1,214,051, Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 3 0, 1918,Application fled December 1:. mm. mm Io. 186,518. To all whom i mayconcern: tached to thewall or door, and for the com- Be it known thatwe, ARTHUR G. JACOB- soN and Armor: J. Bnown, citizens of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook'and State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inPermutation-Padlocks, of which the following is a specification;

Our invention has for its principal object the rovision of a permutationpad lock simp e in its organization and Iyet practicallg impossible topick; a pad ock adapted or use with perfect security in connection witha has latch by the avoidance of the usual sta e or like attachment; asightly and e cient lock construction for use in connection with thedoors of buildings, safes, vaults, lockers; and one which by reason ofits form and internal construction is of exceedingly low cost ofconstruction. Other advantages inherent in the invention will be readilyapparent to those skilled in the art from t e following detaileddescription ota preferred and modified embodiment of the same when takenin connection with the accompanying drawing upon which the descriptionis predicated, the drawing and description being taken in anillustrative sense, and not as limiting the invention other than isrento the validity of the appended claims n view of the prior art.

In the drawmg- Figure 1 is a orizontal lo 'tudinal-section through theloclr illustrating its application to a door; I

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on the Figs. 3 an 4 arerespectively detailelevations of tv z'i of the three tumblers shown intransverse'section in Fig. 1; and

Figs. 5' and 6 show modified forms of mounting the lock.

Heretofore it has been usual to employ pad locksin connection withstaples or other msecurely anchored fastening permutation andcombination locks have ordinarily beenof such complicated organizatudmalevices, and

plete housing of the lock mechanism within the lock casegsealed fromexternal influences whether atmospheric or arising from physicalviolence.

' As herein illustrated the wall. of the chamber to be protected isindicated at 11, and the door at 12, although obviously the two in theirrelation to the lock may be in: terchanged as they constitute therelatively movable members to be controlled by the lock, and it is to beunderstood that their difierentiation as herein employed is for purposesof illustration only, they being equivalent for the purpose ofeil'ecting the mounting of the lock.

I Having reference first to Figs. 1 to 4 inc usive, a bolt 13 is shownas. permanently secured to the door 12 havin its threaded end extendinon the inside of the door and engaged by t e nut 14. The opposite end ofthe bolt extends exteriorly from the door to form a stud rtion 15 whichconstitutes anintegral portion of the lock itself, taking the place ofthe ordinary shackle or bolt. Movement of the bolt,13 inwardly is pre-'vented by means of the flanged collar 16 securedto the bolt by-means ofthe pin 17 a which rejects exteriorly be end the surface of the collar.Obvious y this collar may be secured to the bolt in any other approvedmanner or it may be formed in al therewith The outer end of the bolt orstud 15 is provided with a series of ribs 18 chamfered on their forwardedges asclearly shown in Fi 5, These ribs 18 are spa apart to ormintervening transverse ves 19 and are interrupted at points inngitudinal alinement to form the lon groove .20. The ribs 18 and t eintermediate ooves 19 are provided for engagement with the tumblers ofthe look while the longitudinal groove 20 provides a path for the tumber tongues when brought into alinement by operation of the lock to ermitremoval of the lock case fromv the Stu 15.

The lock case may be advantageously formed, as herein shown, as asphericalbody 21 diametrically bored to receive the stud 15. -The boreis enlarged as indicated at 22 te form a tumbler chamber, the entranceto -mid chamber on the forward face of the lock case bei closed by theobturator 23 having a beve ed face.24 provided with a .scaleas indicatedforcoiiperationwith a 3 these tumblers are mark 25 on the case, in themanipulation of the tumblers. The obturator may also be advantageouslyprovided with a knurled finger piece 26 by which it is turned.

he bore of the case 21 fits snugly about the sleeve or collar 16 a shortlongitudinal groove 27 being provided to enable the case toslip over thepin 17 and to engage with the said pin 17 to prevent turning of the lockcase relative to the bolt The tumbler chamber 22 is provided at 28' witha groove extending around the same and a similar groove exteriorlprovided on the obturator 23 as indicate at 29, the two facing oovesproviding s ace within which is disposed a spring 30 w ich effectuallyprevents the removal of any of the operating mechanism when theobturator is once snap d into position, although permitting the oturator to be rotated freely within the lock case.

. At equally spaced intervals around the inner wall of the tumblerchamber in advance of the groove 28 are a number of longitudinallyextending grooves 31. These may be spaced apart a distance correspondingto a certain number of the scale marks 24 on the obturator. A detectorpin 32 is mounted within a recess in the obturator and pressed outwardlyby means of the spring indicated at 33 so. that as the obturator isrotated the pin 32 will snap 'into and out of the series of grooves 31thus giving audible indication of the extent to which the obturator isbeing moved. This facilitates the operation of the combination in a poorlight and afiords a ready means of determining the extent of rotation.For this purpose it is advantageous to space the grooves 31 apart adistance corresponding to say five marks on the scale.

Each of the tumblers 34, 35 and 36 s a proximately an annulus, eachpro-ided with an inwardl projectin tongue 37. In the lock hereinustrated -t e inner tumbler 34 is devoid of positioning pins, whereasthe intermediate tumbler 35 as two positioning pins 38 disposed one oneach side of the tongue 37, while the outer tumbler 86 has twopositioning pins 38 arranged both on the same side of the tongue 37. Therelative positions of these tongues determine the combination of theparticular lock. pins 38 are arra ed to be engaged by the-finger pin 39carried by the obturator, whereby the respective tumblers are broughtinto such position that the tongues 3 will coincide with the groove 20'of the stud sees to permit the said tongues to clear the ribs 18.

Itwill'be observed 'thatwhil'e, as stated, mlilll 1n the form of annuli,at the one-ha 0 each tumbler is in the cm of a circle concentric to thebore of the lock case, whereas the other half of the tumbler'iseccentric. It thus follows that each of the tumblers 34, 35

and 36 does not entirely fill the lock case,

. tor finger.

but there remains a space, crescent-shaped, on the eccentric side of thetiiihbler between the tumbler and the side wall of the chamber. Each ofthe tumblers is rovided with two spaced apertures 40: for .t e receptionof the downturnedends or calks of horse shoe shaped springs 41.; Thatport on of each spring1 opposite-its points of engagement with t etumbler. extends beyond the eccentric side of the tumbler and earsagainst the side wall of the. tumbler chamber so as to maintain thetumblers yieldingly pressed in the o posite direction with theirconcentric 'si es in engagement with the wall of the chamber. Thesesprings serve the double purpose of washers between the tumblers and asresilient means for bearing against the side wall of the chamber tofrictionally revent rotation except as positively impe ed by the obturaIt will be observed that each of the tumblers has a thickiiesscorresponding substantially to the transverse grooves 19 intermediatethe ribs 18 while the springs 41 are of a thickness corresponding tothat of the ribs 18, the ton es 37 of the tumblers rotating within egrooves 19 until they are brought into, alinement into a position to befreed fro the ribs 18 by the grooves 20 and to s outwardly of! thestuds. When assem led within the chamber of the lock case each of thetumblers rest against the spring of the next adjacent tumbler in suchmanner as to prevent any disarrangement of the parts. Each of thetongues 37 is ohamfered on one side vfor cooperation with the chamfercdlhe lock organization having been described, the manner of its aplication tothe door will now be refe to. As illustratedin Fig.1, an 10iron 42 is-bolted as indicated at 43 on t e inner side of'the wall 11and at its outer ed 44 a hasp 45 apertured or ifuroatedin its free endsat 46 to embrace the bolt 153"0r I the collar 16 mounted on said bolt.The

door 12 havmfiubee'n swung to its closed positiombth d I emrace.itsen'ifi'ef 'ectmg' stud 15 and at lock case 21%]; eii fished o to theand of the stud, the tomb p 46 over tol.

n Y d a hinged a ing under the opposition of the springs 41 to permittheir tongues 37 toride over the the bore,

bol

ribs 18 and to e age within the grooves 19. The pin 17 is oused withinthe groove 27 secure from interference, the lock 21 cannot rotate onthestud 15and can only be removed therefrom by the intelligent operationof the obturator 23, bringing t e tongues 37 into alinement with eachother and with the groove 20 of the stud.

In Fig. 5 the same look is shown, the bolt portion thereof being mountedas in Fig. 1 upon the door, but the lockcase 21 is in this instancecarried by the hasp 45", the bore of the lock itself taking the place ofthe apertured or bifurcated end of the hasp. This construction has theadvantage that the lock case is associated permanently with the buildingand is not liable to be lost as might result in. the first constructionalthough, obviously, the lock case 21 as shown in Fig. 1 could beprovided with a chain for attaching it to the door 12.

In Fig. 6 a still further form of mounting is shown,'the lock bolt 13being in this instance permanently attached to the wall 11, while thelock case 21 is also permanently attached to the door 12, the em loymentof a hasp being done away with entirely and the lock case 21 serving asa handle for the opening and closing of the door. The operation isprecisely the same.

We claim:

1. In a permutation lock, the combinatio of a case having an interiorchamber, a series of tumblers therein ofless diameter than said chamber,interposed spring washers each connected with one of the tumblers andarranged to press the tumbler against the chamber wal the case andtumblers having an axial bore, a bolt adapted to enter the tumblers andbolt havin cooperatlng ribs and grooves, and exteriorly arranged meansto manipulate the tumblers.

2. In a permutation lock, the combination of a case having an interiorchamber, a series of tumblers therein of less diameter than said withone of the tumblers and bearihg at the bend on the chamber wall to pressthe tumbler against the opposite wall, the case and tumblers having anaxial 'bore, a bolt adapted to enterthe bore, the tumblers and t havingcooperati ribs and grooves, and exterlorly arrang means to manipulatethe tumblers.

' 3. In a nation of a case havin an interior chamher, a series of disktumalers therein of less diameter than said chamber, interposed U-shaped spr washers each connected at their ends with one of the tumblersand bearin at the bend on the chamber wall to press e tumblerfrictionally against the bend on the chamber wall chamber, interposed U-shaped, spring washers each connected at their ends permutation padlock, the oombiingan axial bore) a bolt ada ted to enter opposite wall,the case amitumbler having an axial bore a bolt ada ted to enter thebore, the tumblers and bo t havin cooperating ribs and grooves, andexteriorly arranged means to manipulate the tumblers.

4. In a permutation lock, the combination of a case having an interiorchamber, a series of disk tumblers therein of less diameterthan saidchamber, interposed U-s'haped spring washers each connected at its endwith one of the tumblers and hearing at the to press the tumbler a ainstthe opposite wall, the case and tumbler having an axial bore, a boltadated to enter the bore, each of the tum lers havin an inwardlyprojecting tongue, the bolt iaving ribs and 'groovesfor cooperation withthe tongues of the tumblers, exteriorly arranged means to manipulate thetumblers.

5. In a permutation lock, the combination of a case having an interiorchamber, a series of disk tumblers therein of less diameter than saidchamber, interposed U-shaped sp ring washers each connected at its endwith one of the tumblers and bearin at the bend on the chamber wall topress t e tumbler against the opposite wall, the case and tumbler havingan axial bore, a bolt ada ted to enter the bore, each of the tumblersaving an inwardly projecting tongue,'the bolt havin ribs and ooves forcooperation with t e tongues o the tumblers, exteriorly arranged meansto manipulate the tumblers comprising an vobturator for one end of thebore having a scale cooperating with a mark on the case, a

6. In a permutation lock, the combination of a case having an interiorchamber, a series of tumblers therein having a central bore andeccentric periphery, the minor diameter of each tumbler being less thanthe diameter of the chamber, U-shaped sprin washers interposed betweenthe tumblers an engaged therewith at their ends, the spring washershearing at the bend on the chamber wall to press the tumblers againstthe opposite wall, a bolt having tumbler engaging ribs and groovesadapted to enter the ore of the tumblers, each of the tumblers havingtongue for enga an inwardly pro ectin ment with the an grooves of theb5:

and exterior] arranged means to manipulate the tumb ers.

.7. In a permutation lock; the combination of a case having an interiorchamber, a

series of tumblers therein of less diameter 7 than said chamber,interposed s ring washers each connected with one of t e tumblers andarranged to press .the tumbler against the chamber wall, the case andtumbler havthe bore, the tum lers and b0 t havi cooperat'ribs'andg'rooves, and extenorly arran means to manipulate the tumblers,1 0

and means operating audibly to indicate the extent of rotation.

8. In a permutation lock, the combination of a case having an interiorlyarranged chamber, a series of tumblers therein, the tumblers havinglongitudinally alined apertures, a bolt havin tumbler engaging ribs andgrooves and a apted to enter the apertures, a tumbler 0 cratingobturator arranged in one end 0 the chamber and accese sible fromwithout, the obturator and lock case having coiiperati scale markings todetermine the extent 0 rotation of the obturator, and means operatingaudibly to indicate the extent of rotation, said audibly operating meanscomprising a spring pressed pm mounted in the obturator and arranged tosnap into equally spaced grooves on the case.

9. In a permutation lock, the combination of a case having an interiorchamber, a series of tumblers therein, the case and tumblers having anaxial bore, a stud ada ted to enter the bore, each of the tumblers avingan inwardly projecting tongue and pin,

the stud having tumbler engaging ribs and grooves for en with t etongues, a

tumbler-actuating obturator having a finger ing an inwardly projectingtongue and pin,

the stud having tumbler enga ng ribs and grooves for engaging with t etongues, a tumbler-actuating obturator having a finger gin arranged toenter the bore of the tumlers and to engage the'pins, the obturator andcase having cooperating scale marks to visually indicate the extent ofrotation and also provided with means to audibly indicate the extent ofrotation.

ARTHUR G. JACOBSON. ARTHUR J. BROWN. Witnesses:

Lnwrs T. GREIST, FRANKLIN M. WARDEN.

